Literate programming
@ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literate_programming
Wikipedia entry describing the history, philosophy, and various implementations of literate programming.
Eve
@ http://witheve.com/
A literate programming language and environment that is no longer active. Resembles something like a functional language embedded within a modern web-based blogging tool.
Inform 7
@ https://ganelson.github.io/inform-website/
A literate programming language for interactive fiction.